STAFF
Learn about our staff and contributors who are highly trained in biblical textual criticism and advanced biblical languages analysis.
WORLD-CLASS SCHOLARSHIP & RESEARCH
The CRBMI offers MA, MDiv, and ThM students of Shepherds Theological Seminary a number of courses in the area of New Testament and Old Testament textual criticism, led by our distinguished staff. Prospective students interested in the CRBMI program should apply through Shepherds Theological Seminary.
W. Andrew Smith
CRBMI Director
Andrew is the Director of The Center for Research of Biblical Manuscripts and Inscriptions, serving also as Professor of New Testament and Early Christianity at Shepherds Theological Seminary in Cary, NC. He earned his BS in Computer Engineering from the University of Illinois, two MA degrees (Biblical Literature and Biblical Languages) from Shepherds Theological Seminary, and a PhD in Biblical Studies (New Testament and Christian Origins) from the University of Edinburgh. He has taught at Shepherds Theological Seminary since 2011.
His research and teaching interests revolve around the transmission and interpretation of the texts of the New Testament, ranging from textual criticism and manuscript studies to Greek discourse analysis. Based on his interest in biblical manuscripts, Andrew serves as Project Supervisor of the Greek Paul Project for the Museum of the Bible Scholars Initiative and is currently editing the Editio Critica Maior volumes of the Pastoral Epistles for the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung (INTF). Andrew also serves as Assistant Editor for the Society of Biblical Literature’s Text-Critical Studies series.
Publications
Monographs/Edited Volumes
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A Study of the Gospels in Codex Alexandrinus: Codicology, Palaeography, and Scribal Hands (New Testament Tools, Studies and Documents 48; Leiden: Brill, 2014).
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Novum Testamentum Graece: Editio Critica Maior. Die Pastoralbriefe. (Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, in preparation).
Book Chapters
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Smith, W. Andrew. “Papyrus, Codices and Rolls,” in Inscriptions, Graffiti, Documentary Papyri, eds. James R. Harrison and E. Randolph Richards (Ancient Literature for New Testament Studies 10; Grand Rapids: Zondervan), 2024.
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Smith, W. Andrew. “Silence is Not Golden: Focal Prominence, Quiet Spots, and Textual Variation,” in Die Bibel zum Sprechen bringen. Festschrift zu Ehren von Holger Strutwolf, eds. Marie-Luise Lakmann, Gregory S. Paulson, and Jan Graefe (Arbeiten zur Neutestamentlichen Textforschung 61; Berlin: De Gruyter), 2025.
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Smith, W. Andrew. “To Be or Not To Be: Presence and Absence of Copulative Verbs in Greek and Latin New Testament Manuscripts,” in At One Remove: Versions and Other Indirect Evidence for the New Testament, eds. Hugh Houghton and Peter Montoro IV (Texts and Studies; Piscataway: Gorgias Press), 2020.
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Smith, W. Andrew. “Victorinus of Poetovio and the Patristic Shift from Premillennialism,” in To Seek… to Do… and to Teach: Essays in Honor of Larry D. Pettegrew, eds. Douglas D. Bookman, Tim M. Sigler, and Michael J. Vlach (Cary, NC: Shepherds Press), 2022.
Articles
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“Clothing” and “Protection.” In The Lexham Theological Wordbook, ed. John D. Barry. Bellingham: Logos Bible Software, 2014.
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“Data Democratization and Biblical Manuscript Studies: A Caution for the Age of Access.” TC: A Journal of Biblical Textual Criticism 29 (2024): 183–204.
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“Evaluating a Critical Evaluation of the CBGM: A Review Article.” TC: A Journal of Biblical Textual Criticism 24 (2019).
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“Mark 16 and the Eusebian Apparatus: Greek and Latin Solutions.” Comparative Oriental Manuscript Studies Bulletin 8/2 (2022): 475–492.
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“Mining Manuscript Data in the New Testament Virtual Manuscript Room.” Classics@ 18 2020.
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“Purification,” “Upright,” and “Washing.” In The Dictionary of the Bible and Western Culture: A Handbook for Students, eds. Mary Ann Beavis and Michael Gilmour. Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix Press, 2012.
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Smith, W. Andrew and Valerie Smith. “P. Duke Inv. 1377 (𝔓136): A Fragmentary Acts of the Apostles Papyrus.” Novum Testamentum 60.3 (2018): 290–310.
Stephen Young
Research Associate, CRBMI
Steve works as a full-time Senior Manager of Technical Support at a global cloud software company. In 2025, he earned an MA in Biblical Languages and Linguistics from Shepherds Theological Seminary, where his thesis—supervised by Dr. Andrew Smith—examined the use and function of the Greek imperfect tense in non-narrative New Testament texts.
Steve has contributed to key projects in biblical textual criticism, including the Editio Critica Maior (ECM) of the Pastoral Epistles, for which he compiled data for an online Koine Greek ligature lookup tool. He has delivered papers at several conferences, with peer-reviewed publications forthcoming. His primary scholarly focus lies at the intersection of linguistics and textual criticism, particularly in New Testament Greek morphology, syntax, and manuscript studies.
C. Daniel Motley
Research Associate, CRBMI
Daniel is a Ph.D candidate under the supervision of Dr. Thomas Johann Bauer, academic director of the Vetus Latina-Institute Beuron. He earned a BA in Biblical Studies from Campbellsville University, an Advanced M.Div degree from the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, and a Th.M. from Shepherds Theological Seminary, preparing a thesis titled “A Textual Analysis of 2 Timothy and Titus in Codex Augiensis” under the supervision of Dr. Andrew Smith. He is also the Content Licensing Manager at Atla and a lay elder at Shelter Church in Apex, NC.
His research interests are in the development of the Latin textual tradition, nomina sacra, and the Carolingian period. He is currently preparing a volume for Hendrickson Academic with Dr. Smith tentatively titled A Patristic Latin Reader, along with an edited volume of essays from the Greek Paul Project conference at New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary, to be published by De Gruyter. He is a student member of the Society of Biblical Literature (SBL).